Apparatus for cracking oil



G. EGLOFF APPARATUS FOR CRACKING OIL May 15, 1928. mmw

Original Filed Jan. 5, 1921 charging H by means of feed fpump 12, connected to any' Patented May 15, 1928. I

UNITED STATES GUSTAV EGLOFF, OICHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

ASSIGNOR T UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA.

APPARATUS FOR CRACKING OIL.

Application filed January 3, 1921, Serial No. 434,457. Renewed March 25, 1927.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for cracking oil and I'BIBISIIIIOI'C particularly to an apparatus for conserving heat units and securing the maximum amount of'pressure distillate from the original charge.

It is Well understood in the art-of cracking oil that the generated vapors contain a large percentage of incompletely cracked condensates which have to be subjected to- 'before it enters the main body of oil in the still. The economy of my process will be apparent to anyone skilled in the art of cracking oil. At the. same time, I'have' a very sim le-method of operation, and apparatus' evoid of complicated mechanism.

In the drawings: 1 Fig. 1 is a view, 'artly in side elevation, and partly in vertlcalsection, of my improved apparatus. V F ig. 2 is a section'taken orr-llne 2--2 of eferring particularly to the drawing, 1 designates the furnace, havin fburner 2, bridge wall 3 and usual stack giot shown). In the furnace is mounted the still 4, which in the present instance, takes the form of a horizontal or shell type. vided with the pressure gauge .5, liquid drawa off line- 6, controlled by Suitably arranged in the still is'an open but aced away from aslightly jacket .for the open ended pipe;- rawsuitable source 0 supply, and feed pipe 13 having throttle valve 14 and connected as shown at 15' to the closed end 10 of the pipe 9. To the end 11 of the pipe 9 is connected the horizontal pipe 17,

the desired temperature.

The still4 i s.pro-' throttle valve 7.;

ended P pe 8, concentrically. ppme PiPej 9- e p'pe 9 is closed at bothq I"6gl1latediso'as"to produce shown at 10" and 11. It m f fact 'forms a? is introducedvto. thesystenifi a downwardly extending pipc' l6, which at its lower end connects to a perforated pipe 17 extending longitudinally part of the still. The vapor space of the still is provided with vapor outlet pipe 18 having throttle valve 19, which pipe 18 leads to condenser coil 20 seated in condenser box 21. The coil 20 connects to the upper end of receiver 22, which receiver has pressure gauge 23, liquid levelgauge 24, gas outlet pipe controlled by throttle valve 26 and liquid drawofl pipe 27 controlled by throttle valve 28.

The process is operated as follows: The raw oil, as for example, a Kentucky gas oil, of 34degrees Baum. gravity, is continuously fed by the feed line 13 into the narrow chamber 29 formed by the concentric pipes 8 and 9. The oil passes out through the pipe 16 and thence through the perforationsBO in The oil" may be heated to a temperature of say, 725 degrees along the lower E, and subjected to a pressure of say, 140

pounds. As the generated vapors rise, they will becooled by the incoming raw oil and the heavier portions thereof will be condensed and fall back into the liquid body of oil in the still for further treatment. The lighter vapors namel ciently cracked, as or example, the gasoline-like constituents, will pass out to the condenser where they are condensed and delivered to the receiver. The refiuxcondensation produced by the incoming stream of cold oil also serves to preheat the incoming raw oil so that it more nearly approaches The result is' an extremely efiicient operation from the standpoint of economy, and it may be here noted that this question of fuel economy is at present of great importance and is con--" .stantly increasing in importance.

' It is to be noted that the pipes8 and 9 are located in the vapor space 0 of. the Ollfin the enclosing d mensions of'thesepipesand the thickness jackeflmay be the desirecbcoolj I *claiml'as my invention:

.1. In'an apparatus for cracking oil, the combination with a still adapted to receive a bulk supply of oil, a reflux apparatus in said still comprising an annular conduit of restricted cross sectional area for the passage of raw oil therethrough, means for supplythose which are s'uflithe still and the Inc M ing raw oil to said conduit, and means for discharging the oil from the conduit into the oil in said still at points adjacent the bottom thereof. a a

2. An apparatus for cracking hydrocarbon oil comprising an enlarged chamber in which a bulk supply of oil is adapted to be maintained and wherein vaporization occurs, a reflux apparatus located in the vapor space of said enlarged chamber, said reflux apparatus comprising an elongated annular conduit of restricted cross sectional area, means for passing cool oil though said reflux apparatus to cool the vapors evolved from the oil; in said chamber and effect a reflux condensation thereof, means for delivering oil which has passed through said reflux apparatus into the body of oil in said enlarged chamber 7 vaporized oil from said enlarged chamber.

and means for removing un- 3. An apparatus for cracking hydrocara still,'means for main-.

of charging oil being supplied to the apparatus through the vapor space in said still and means for thereafter uniting the charging oil which has passed in an annular stream through the vapor space of the still with the body of oil maintained in the still, means for taking off uncondensed vapors from the still and means for subjecting such vapors to final condensation.

GUSTAV EGLOFF. 

